रविवार, 1 अगस्त 2021
"राशी: हमर मुङ्गेरी लाल के सपना"
साउन के गर्मी सँ चानी फाटल जाइ छै, पोखैर के पाइन के उपरका हिस्सा सेहो गरमा गेल छै, निचा के पाइन मे मात्रे कने ठण्डा.. एक त गरमी के छुट्टी उपर सँ ६ क्लास पहुँचते मिर्चैया पढवला विद्यार्थी, भैर दिन पोखैर मे नङ्गे उमकैत रहु कि महारपर सँ उण्टाफान फनैत रहु कोइ किछ नै कहवला.. आब ने बच्चोसभके लाज हुअ लगलैय हमसभ त सात-आठ क्लास तक नङ्गटे कुदैत रहियै पोखैर मे, भैर दिन बडका टोक(गाछी), दह आ मैनाघटी(मरघटिया) मे टण्डेली आ गर्मी लागल कि पोखैर मे छपाक..
हमर गाम मतलेसर, मतलव पढल-लिखल के भाषा मे मथिलेश्वर आ किछ ठेठी पण्डितसभ के भाषा मे मिथिलेश्वर.. एक त बज्र देहात उपर सँ बरसात महिना मे टापुजका, गाम सँ बाहर या फेर मिर्चैया हटियातक जाइवला रस्ता कतबो ठीक कऽ दौ, बर्खा अबैते देरी फेर सँ तीन-चाइर ठाम टुइट गेल.. आ बस! तब या त बडका खाँइह्र सभ हेल कऽ जाउ या दुर दुर सँ आइरे आइरे । कहुँ बस पकड के हुए त दु घण्टा पैदल, स्कुल जाइ के लेल घण्टाभर चलब त तैयो कमे दुख के बात.. हमरा जनैत गाम मे एकोटा टायर गाडी नै रहै, कटही गडिए सभके बेरा मौका के पार लगबै ओहो सुख्खा मौसमे टा मे.. गदहवावला भरोसी अंकल आ मिर्चैया के खोनमा डाग्दर कहियो काल गर्दा उडबैत राजदुत मोटरसाइकल लऽ कऽ गाम दऽ कऽ जाई सेहे नै त सालो साल तक मोटरसाइकल के कोनो दरस नै, हाँ प्रधान बाबा के घर बनै त बालु, सिमेन्ट आ सरीं लऽ कऽ ट्रेक्टर बराबर अबै.. त कि, मोटरसाइकल के पछाडी पूरा गाम के धियापुता दौड कऽ सीमान कटा लै त ट्रेक्टर कोनो अछुते रहितै, आधा लटकल रहल किछ पछाडी दौडैत रहल आ किछ थाइक कऽ ट्रेक्टर के जाइत देखैत रहल, सभ ट्रेक्टर के ट्रली मे लिखल रहै छलै"लटकले बेटा त गेले बेटा" .. त एकर मतलव कि? लोक बहादुरी देखेनाई छोइड दै? खलासी कतबो करची लऽ कऽ मारैत रहौ धनसन! एक त महिनो मे कहियो अबै छै ओहो मुश्किले सँ आगा पडल।
पोखैर मे उमकैत उमकैत आँइख लाल भऽ गेल रहै सभ छौंडा के, दुपहर मे भुखे पेट मे बिलाइर कुदै से अलग तखने घाटपर ठाड एकटा छौंडा बाजल जे "टरेक्टर" .. आव देखि नै ताउ सभ उमकनाई छोइड कऽ कुदलै महारपर.. दुर सँ ट्रेक्टरके आवाज सुइन कऽ खुशी सभ अधे छिधहे कपडा पहिर कऽ दौड लगलै, जाबे खलासी रोकै रोकै ताबे सभ ट्रलीपर, गामघर के खदियावला रस्ता ड्राइभर कते स्पीड करतै? बहुतदिन के अशियासल धियापुता रतनपुरतक चहरले रैह गेलै, धार मे खरकए सँ पहिने ड्राइभर सभके उताइर देलकै लेकिन हम, ढाल बहादुर, बिनोद आ राजिब मिर्चैया मे पढै छियै कैह कऽ चहरले रैह गेलियै.. तेकर बदला इ जे स्पीड बढा कऽ उठा उठा पटकै ट्रली के ड्राइभर, जखन पीडा असहीय भऽ गेलै त हम धार के बालुपर कुइद गेलियै, हमरा देख कऽ छौंडा सभके हिम्मत भेलै सभ कुइद गेलै पाछा सँ, भैर मन ड्राइभर के गाइह्र पैढ कऽ हम सभ पिपरा दऽ कऽ गाम घुमलियै, तहिया पिपरा आ मतलेसर के बीच मे सडक नै रहै, एकटा खुरपेडिया रस्ता रहै जे प्राय: साल मे एकबेर पिपरा मे दुर्गा मेला देखय लेल हमर गाम के लोकसभ प्रयोग करै, से हमरा सभके देखल रहे..
बाबू के गोजी सँ चोराएल पँच टकहि ओहि समय मे चाइर आदमी के एक गिलास कऽ मुरही आ चाईर टा कऽ कचरी जल खै के लेल काफी रहै.. आ ओ सुवदगर जेकर कोनो सानी नै, याद करु त एखनो मँह मे पाइन आइब जाइ..आब जा कऽ सबके कपडापर हमर नजर गेल, ढाल बहादुर गमछे लपेट कऽ चैल आएल रहै, आ बिनोद डोरीया पेण्ट आ गञ्जी, राजिब सियौवा हाफपैण्ट आ सोना के गञ्जी, अप्पन त नहिये कहब, हाँ चप्पल मात्रे हमरे पैर मे रहै । गाम मे कतौ महिला सभ मे झगडा बझल रहै से चारुकात सँ लोकसभ दौड दौड कऽ देख जाइत रहै तखने कारी फ्राक मे उजर डाँइह्रवला कपडा पहिरने, घुरमल घुरमल केशवाली हमर सँगतुरिया छौंडी के सेहो नङ्गे पएर अगाडी सँ दौडैत देखलियै, हमरा बुझाएल जे हम चिन्है छियै, हमहुँ पाछा पाछा दौडऽ लागलियै.. हमर दौडनाइ हमर सँगी सभ के लेल अप्रत्याशित रहै ओ सभ एक दोसर के तैकते रैह गेलै.. हमरा पाछा दौडैत देख कऽ दोसर लडकी सभके सेहो उटपटाङ्ग बुझेलै ओ सभ बुझलकै जे हम ओकरसभके साथी के पकडए चाहै छियै, ओ सभ राशी राशी कहिक हल्ला करैय लगलै । हम आब आओर खुशी भऽ गेल रहि, कैला त हम राशीए बुइझ कऽ ओ छौंडी के पछुआबैत रहियै । तखने राशी पाछा घुरल, हमरा देखि कऽ चिन्ह गेलै..आ मुस्काए लगलै.. दुनु गोटे दौडते रहिए ओ इशरे पुछलक जे एम्हर कत? आ इ कि पहिरने छि? अपन कपडा देख कऽ लाज लाइग गेल.. गमछा लपेटने आ उपर सँ गञ्जी.. पैण्ट त हरबर मे पोखैरे पर छुइट गेल रहै । हम कहलियै "आहाँ एम्हर?" राशी बडका हवेली के देखबैत कहलक जे हमर मामा के घर छियै । ताबत दौडैत दौडैत हमरो आ राशी के साथीसभ सेहो चैल ऐलै ।
(राशी या कहु गुडिया, उज्जर धबधब, घुरमल घुरमल केश, कारी बडका बड्का आँईख, आ गोल-मोल देवीजका सुन्दर मुँह..हमरे सँगे मिर्चैया मे पढैत रहै माध्यमिक स्कुल मे, ओकर घर हमर गाम सँ कने दुर के गाम मे रहै लेकिन मिर्चैया मे सेहो दोहटा । सम्पन्न घराना के भेला के कारण मास्टरसभ सेहो इज्जते सँ बात करै, एना नै कि हमरे सभ जका रे छौंडा पढ, मारैत मारैत..! सन के शब्द कह के कोनो मास्टरसभ हिम्मत करै.. किन्नहु नै! आ लडका सभ के त हिम्मत फुस्स! ६ क्लास के बालसुलभ बुद्धि आ ताहु मे बज्र देहात के गवार, कत हमसभ कत ओ ! ओहि समय मे मिर्चैया पढवला विद्यार्थी सभमे अप्पन नाम सँगे हमर लभर छि कैह कऽ बाँस मे "ए+आर" लिख के रहै । सभ अपना हिसाब सँ लिखै लेकिन हमरा कहियो हिम्मते नै हुए.. हमर एकटा साथी रहे रमण, सार नामि खच्चड, सभ के कहैत जे हमर लभरे छि.. लेकिन हमर पैटेण्ट दोस, सभदिन पुछैत जे के हौ तोहर लभर? हम केकरा कैहतियै, एक दु टा पहरनी सभ रहै बड्ड सुन्नैर आ सुचा गोर.. हमरा बड्ड निक लागे लेकिन अप्पन कारी मुँह देख कऽ मन मसोस कऽ रैह जाइ । कहियोकाल सपना मे उडि त मन हुए जे कहुँ बडका आदमी बइन गेलियै जीनगी मे त राशी सँ वियाह कर के सेहन्ता जरुर रहे, मुदा ओ मुँगेरीलाल के हसिन सपने जका सपने छल । राशी के मम्मी के एकदिन हम अपना मम्मी सँ बतियाइत देखने रहियै, संभवत: पारिवारिक मित्र रहै ओ दुनु तहिया सँ कतेको बेर राशी के सपना मे सँगे उडैत देखने रहियै । रमण एकदिन बड्ड निहोरा केलक जे कह तोहर "लभर" के हौ? सेहन्ता त रहबे करे, तैयो हिम्मत नै हुए.. ओहिदिन हिम्मत कऽ कऽ कहलियै "राशी".. ओ छौंडा मारलक एक फाइट हम त भौचक्के रैह गेलियै जे भेलै कि? ताबे उ कहलक "रे सार उ हमर बहिन है, मसियौत" आ डरे हम भाग लगलियै त उ रेवाड लागल.. रेवाडैत रेवाडैत फिल्डपर पहुँच गेल, हम उल्टा मुँहे भगैत रहियै, कहलियै "तु सार कहिए देले त, बियाह कऽ दे" उल्टा दिस भगैत रहियै से नै देखलियै जे छौंडीसभके ग्रुप जा रहल छै आ धरफडा क एकटा छौंडी के सल पकडनहि खैस परलियै.. छौंडी नै ओ त राशी छल, ओकरे सल पकडा गेल रहै, रमण सेहो ठिठैक गेलै, हम स्तब्ध! सभ देख लगलै जे भेलै कि? आसपास के सभ विद्यार्थी जम्मा भऽ गेलै। राशी के सल हम छोइड देलियै आ खसल किताब सभ ऊठा कऽ देब लगलियै, हमरा बुझ मे कोनो भङ्गठा नै रहल जे राशी हमर बात सुइन लेने छलै । राशी बजलिह "जाउ आहाँसभ किछो नै भेलैय" धिरे धिरे सभ विद्यार्थी चैल गेलै तखनतक हम लाजे मुरी गोतनहि रहि.. राशी फेर सँ " लाज नै लगैय आहाँसभ के, हमरा मजाक बना रहल छि?" रमण हमरा बाज स पहिने कहलकै "बहिन माफ कऽ दे, आब एहन गल्ति नै हेतौ, मौसी के नै कहि है" हम माथ उपर कऽ कऽ राशी सँ माफी चाहैत रहियै ताबे राशी दाँततर अप्पन ठोर दबौने, मुस्काइत हमरा दिस तकैत चैल गेलै । )
राशी के साथीसभ राशी के घीच कऽ लजाइत रहै कि राशी हमरा पुछलक "घर नै जेबै?" हम कहलियै "इ गाम आ हमर गाम दुनु एक्केटा छै, आहाँ हमर घर चलु" "ठीक छै कहियो आएब" कहि कऽ हँसैत राशी चैल गेलै आ फेर सँ हम आ हमर मुङ्गेरी लालक सपना... इ सब घटना हमर साथीसभ के आगा भेल रहै, बात तेहन किछ भेबो नै केलै आ भैर गाम एक कान दु कान मैदान भऽ गेलै बात.. जेना साँचे उ हमर प्रेमिका रहै। हाँ, ओत सँ गाम आबऽ तक हमरा बुझाइ जे खुशी सँ गाछपर चढु कि भैर दिन पोखैर मे उम्कैत रहु । भैर रस्ता हमर साथीसभ जिस्काबैत रैह गेल, केओ पुछलकै जे के है? दोसर लाल बुझ्झक्कड के जवाफ जे एकर "लभर" है, दुनु के कते दिन सँ बजाभुकी है, इ है, उ है .. जेकरा जे मन भेलै से बजलै लेकिन हम त हसिन सपना मे बौआएल रैह गेली
किछ दिन वाद हमर गाम मे जितबाहन भगवान के मेला रहै, राशी अप्पन मामा गाम सँ मेला देख आएल रहै, हमर साथी सभके आगा पाछा करऽ के मौका भेट गेलै, आ हम बाबू के डरे दुरे सँ देखैत रैह गेलियै, वो हँसैत आ लजाईत रैह गेलै । मुदा ओहि दिन सँ एकटा डोर जुइट गेल रहै जे ओ पूरा साल
हमरा सभके बाइन्ह कऽ रखने रहल । हाँ बात त कहियो काल हाँ/ नै मे रैह गेलै लेकिन राशी के हँसि आ लजाऽ कऽ देखब मे कोनो कमी नै ...
वाद मे हमर ड्याडी के सरुवा हिमाल सँ मधेश मे भऽ गेलै आ हमर स्कुल सेहो परिवर्तन भऽ गेल आ सँगे सँग गाम मे रह के सुविधा सेहो । एते साल वाद एहि घटना के याद कएला सँ बुझाइय नै हम बड्का आदमी बइन सकलियै नै त "मुँगेरी लाल के हसिन सपने" पूरा भेल...जिनगीक डगर बस खिचने जा रहल अछि कोनो गन्तव्यहिन यात्राक दिस
मंगलवार, 30 नवंबर 2010
मनोबाद
त्यसै त धेरै दिन भएको हुनु पर्छ...अचेल पहिले जस्तो फोनको भर पनि रहेन । खै, के भएको होला..दिन त यसै कति कटेछन्। अचम्म लाग्छ...सम्झिनु पनि कति हो कति! कतै मटैहबाको बगरमा मालजाल चराउन गएका ती दिनहरु जस्तै हराए होलान् । होला त ? यो मोबाइलको घण्टी बज्या बज्यै...कानै खाई दिने रैछ…काम न काजको फोन हुन्छ...मरि गए सुनिने होइन । एक बार त नगई भएन्...पश्चिम पट्टी सूर्यको राप पनि रातो हुदै कम भएको छ । जाडो को दिन हेर्दा हेर्दा बित्ने रैछ...अस्ति भर्खर सान्दाई ले ल्याई दिनु भएको सालले गज्जबको गर्मी हुने रैछ भनि रानुले ल्याएर दिएकी थिइन्..खै कता राखेको थिए..अचेल बिर्सिन पनि कति बिर्सेको मैले..साँझ परि सक्यो के गर्ने..खाना पकाउनै पर्ने..बिहे गरे पनि आखिर सान्दाई जस्तै कल्ले किचलो बेहोरी रहोस....सानै मा मज्जा थियो...मान्नै पर्छ..जुन केटी देख्यो मन पर्ने, यस सँग बिहे गर्न पाए भन्न पाएको छैन अर्को त झन् राम्री..तर दुखनी र रधिया त साँच्चै बहुतै राम्री हो बा...माइको बरकेशी रानी जस्तो...राजीबले त्यै रधियाकै लागि मारस्साबको कर्चि खाएको हो...सम्झियो आफ्नै जिउ दुखेर आउछ, कनियाँ भनि जिस्काएको त हो मोराले...मार्.स्साबले देखि हालेछन्, बाँसको कर्चि त बुढाको हात मै हुने...केटीहरु पनि कति नक्कचरी आखिर त्यै राजीब सँग टाप कसिन..तर बित्थामा राजीबले मारस्साबको कर्चि खाए...अर्को अगहनमा मैले समातेको हो धान खेतमा दुवैलाई..ललटाको दौनी चल्दै थियो..धानको दौनी अब कति सजिलो भएछ, पहिले रात-रात भर गोरू जोत्यो..हे..हे..हु..हु गर्यो..फेरी धान उडायो..चोरेर लगेको धानले कम कचरी र मुरही खाएको हैन..माइ लाठी लिएर हामीलाई धपाई रहनु हुन्थ्यो तर म र मघैया पोखरीको पछवरिया कातमा हलुवनियाको दोकान सम्म पुगेरै छाड्थ्यौ..मघैया अहिले बुढो जस्तो देखिन्छ..मोराको छोरी पनि तेह्र बर्षको भई अरे..म भन्दा त एक बर्षात कान्छै हो...गाँउमा सबैले किशोरी काकाको कान्छो छोरा बिग्रियो भन्छन्..के गर्नु मन परेको केटी दुश्मनको छोरी हो भनि बाउले बिहे गर्न दिएनन्..बुबाको पनि के दोष गाँउको करमा...जमुनाको बुवा पर्धानीमा नउठेको भए बुवाले जित्ने पक्का थियो..गामनै पार्टि-पटवैल भएको थियो...कोठी भरी कारतुस र बन्दुक भरिएको थियो हाम्रो दलानमा...रमनीको माई बीचमा नआएको भए भुल्लैर काकाको मृत्यु कसैले रोक्न सक्दैन थियो..बुढियालाई त्यहि बेला हुक्काको अमल लागेर बीचमा कता बाट परिछन्...भुलटुनमाले दागेको दुवै गोली रमनीको माइलाई लाग्यो...१ बिघा खेत बेचेर अदालत र पुलिसलाई दिएपछि मात्र केश रफादफा भएको थियो ।
पुलिस त उनै हुन के गर्नु जुन ब्यबस्था आएपनि पैसा भए..अस्ति मात्रै जमाहिरको छोरी बलात्कार केश दर्ता गरेनन्..महेशवाले पचास हजारको बुजो लगाएको छ अरे! यो देशमा सत्य सेवा सुरक्षणम् त नामै मात्र हो असली त पाए जति भक्षणम् हो...कसको विश्वास गर्नु..यिनले Lord भन्ने न्याधीश पनि त त्यस्तै छन् । मेरा सान्दाई पनि त्यस्तै छन्..वकिलहरुको त भरै छैन बा! घरमा त बुढाको बोली कहिले काटि नसक्नु छ बाहिर त झन के होला के होला..कबिरहा काकाले ठिक्कै भन्नु हुन्थ्यो यो सानै देखि वकिल बन्ला जस्तो छ, बने तर कहिले राम्रो काम गरेका हैनन् । गाँउमै रमाइलो छ...मान्छे त ठिक छन् तर खै यो Internet/face book पुस्ताले गाँउमा पनि के गर्न सक्छ र ! गाँठे बिना कम्प्युटरको जीवन नै नबित्ला जस्तो भइ सक्यो । तर किन हो..यति बिध्न भर परेको हामी ?गाँउमा माकुले पर्धान मन्त्री होस कि ईन्द्रेको बाउ चन्द्रे कसैलाई केहि मतलब छैन तर जीवन चलेकै छ तर हामी खै के भ’को..एक दिन समाचार नसुनी के-के नपुगे जस्तो। माइलाई कति पल्ट सान्दाई र मैले पनि यहि आउनु भनेकै हो...मरि गए मान्दिनन्...अब यो उमेरमा धुवाँ धुलो खान शहराँ आउन्न भन्नु हुन्छ..ठुलो दाई २-४ बर्षमा १ पल्ट आउने हो, मान्छे बिदेशी नै भए...छोरा छोरी सबै सुनौलो कपाल, निलो आँखाका भए...दाईको त नाम मात्रै सबै भाउजु जस्तै भएछन् । तर विदेशी नै भएपनि भाउजुले माइलाई खुब माया गर्नु हुन्छ...माई सँग हुने कोशलिया पैसा भाउजुले त दिनु भएको हो...त्यो पनि मैले सकेको हो..मेरो अँग्रजी सुट पनि उनले हाल्दिएर लगाएको हो । साथी सँगतमा कम्ता ईज्जत धानेको छैन त्यो सुटले...जमुनाले कति मायाले भनेकि थिइन बिहेमा अँग्रजी सुट लगाएर आउनु ल! ...जमुना! हाम्रो घर-घरको त्यत्रो दुश्मनी हुदाँ पनि मेरै लागि भनेर कहाँ कहाँ पुग्थिन्...अचम्म छ जीवन पनि उहिले एक दिन पनि हामी छुट्टिएर बस्न सक्दैनौ जस्तो लाग्थ्यो...आज साढे चार बर्ष भएछ....आखिर बाँचेकै छौ...तर उमँग त केहि पनि रहेन...पहिलो बर्ष त पागल जस्तै भएको थिए..हरिव्दारमा ७ महिना जति बसे...त्यो होटलको मालिक पनि राम्रै मान्छे हुन्, परदेशीलाई पनि कति माया गरेको..पाँच घण्टा काम गरेकोमा खान लाउन र बस्न दिएको थियो..तर चार-पाँच दिन त प्लेट माजेकै हो..बेरा बनेकै हो..बल्ल पछि म्यानेजरको काम पाएको थिए...कम्ता रोएको हैन । भोपाली बाबाको आश्रममा गएर भजन किर्तन..आँसु पनि कति आउन सकेको ।
कति सम्झिन सकेको जमुनालाई...तर कति माया गरेकी उनले पनि लुकि लुकी भएपनि फोन गरि रहन्थिन । टेलीफोनको तार चोरी भयो रे ! टेलिकमले समयमा कहिल्यै काम गर्ने हैन...मोबाइलले पनि राम्रो सँग टिप्दैन । चोनहाले गज्जबको कहानी सुनाउदै थियो...भाउजुले जाडो बढेर सर्दी लागेको छ एउटा कफ सिरफ ल्याइदिनु भन्नु भएको..मोराले खै मोबाइलमा के सुने छ...सिरक किनेर लग्दियो...हे..हे...गाँउ भरिका मान्छे पेट मिचि मिचि हाँसेका...कति दिन देखि फोनमा ट्राई गरेको लाग्दै लाग्दैन..एउटा फोनको भर थियो...विचरा जमुना श्रीमान् जनतान्त्रिकको शिकार भए..उनलाई पनि के थाह..आफ्नै गाँउका केटाहरुले मारदेलान भनेर..हैन भने पैसा भकै मान्छे हुन् त्यति जाबो २ लाख त तिरदिने हुन...काँखको छोरी पनि उपचार गर्दा गर्दै बिति हाली...हे दैब कति दुख दिएको जमुनालाई...जनतान्त्रिकका केटाहरुलाई पछि समातिएर जेल पनि चलान भए तर मर्ने मरिहाले..फर्किने हैनन् । ती केटाहरुपनि सिरहाको जेल तोडेर भागी हाले..सिडिओ र एसपी को मिलोमतो थियो
पुलिस त उनै हुन के गर्नु जुन ब्यबस्था आएपनि पैसा भए..अस्ति मात्रै जमाहिरको छोरी बलात्कार केश दर्ता गरेनन्..महेशवाले पचास हजारको बुजो लगाएको छ अरे! यो देशमा सत्य सेवा सुरक्षणम् त नामै मात्र हो असली त पाए जति भक्षणम् हो...कसको विश्वास गर्नु..यिनले Lord भन्ने न्याधीश पनि त त्यस्तै छन् । मेरा सान्दाई पनि त्यस्तै छन्..वकिलहरुको त भरै छैन बा! घरमा त बुढाको बोली कहिले काटि नसक्नु छ बाहिर त झन के होला के होला..कबिरहा काकाले ठिक्कै भन्नु हुन्थ्यो यो सानै देखि वकिल बन्ला जस्तो छ, बने तर कहिले राम्रो काम गरेका हैनन् । गाँउमै रमाइलो छ...मान्छे त ठिक छन् तर खै यो Internet/face book पुस्ताले गाँउमा पनि के गर्न सक्छ र ! गाँठे बिना कम्प्युटरको जीवन नै नबित्ला जस्तो भइ सक्यो । तर किन हो..यति बिध्न भर परेको हामी ?गाँउमा माकुले पर्धान मन्त्री होस कि ईन्द्रेको बाउ चन्द्रे कसैलाई केहि मतलब छैन तर जीवन चलेकै छ तर हामी खै के भ’को..एक दिन समाचार नसुनी के-के नपुगे जस्तो। माइलाई कति पल्ट सान्दाई र मैले पनि यहि आउनु भनेकै हो...मरि गए मान्दिनन्...अब यो उमेरमा धुवाँ धुलो खान शहराँ आउन्न भन्नु हुन्छ..ठुलो दाई २-४ बर्षमा १ पल्ट आउने हो, मान्छे बिदेशी नै भए...छोरा छोरी सबै सुनौलो कपाल, निलो आँखाका भए...दाईको त नाम मात्रै सबै भाउजु जस्तै भएछन् । तर विदेशी नै भएपनि भाउजुले माइलाई खुब माया गर्नु हुन्छ...माई सँग हुने कोशलिया पैसा भाउजुले त दिनु भएको हो...त्यो पनि मैले सकेको हो..मेरो अँग्रजी सुट पनि उनले हाल्दिएर लगाएको हो । साथी सँगतमा कम्ता ईज्जत धानेको छैन त्यो सुटले...जमुनाले कति मायाले भनेकि थिइन बिहेमा अँग्रजी सुट लगाएर आउनु ल! ...जमुना! हाम्रो घर-घरको त्यत्रो दुश्मनी हुदाँ पनि मेरै लागि भनेर कहाँ कहाँ पुग्थिन्...अचम्म छ जीवन पनि उहिले एक दिन पनि हामी छुट्टिएर बस्न सक्दैनौ जस्तो लाग्थ्यो...आज साढे चार बर्ष भएछ....आखिर बाँचेकै छौ...तर उमँग त केहि पनि रहेन...पहिलो बर्ष त पागल जस्तै भएको थिए..हरिव्दारमा ७ महिना जति बसे...त्यो होटलको मालिक पनि राम्रै मान्छे हुन्, परदेशीलाई पनि कति माया गरेको..पाँच घण्टा काम गरेकोमा खान लाउन र बस्न दिएको थियो..तर चार-पाँच दिन त प्लेट माजेकै हो..बेरा बनेकै हो..बल्ल पछि म्यानेजरको काम पाएको थिए...कम्ता रोएको हैन । भोपाली बाबाको आश्रममा गएर भजन किर्तन..आँसु पनि कति आउन सकेको ।
कति सम्झिन सकेको जमुनालाई...तर कति माया गरेकी उनले पनि लुकि लुकी भएपनि फोन गरि रहन्थिन । टेलीफोनको तार चोरी भयो रे ! टेलिकमले समयमा कहिल्यै काम गर्ने हैन...मोबाइलले पनि राम्रो सँग टिप्दैन । चोनहाले गज्जबको कहानी सुनाउदै थियो...भाउजुले जाडो बढेर सर्दी लागेको छ एउटा कफ सिरफ ल्याइदिनु भन्नु भएको..मोराले खै मोबाइलमा के सुने छ...सिरक किनेर लग्दियो...हे..हे...गाँउ भरिका मान्छे पेट मिचि मिचि हाँसेका...कति दिन देखि फोनमा ट्राई गरेको लाग्दै लाग्दैन..एउटा फोनको भर थियो...विचरा जमुना श्रीमान् जनतान्त्रिकको शिकार भए..उनलाई पनि के थाह..आफ्नै गाँउका केटाहरुले मारदेलान भनेर..हैन भने पैसा भकै मान्छे हुन् त्यति जाबो २ लाख त तिरदिने हुन...काँखको छोरी पनि उपचार गर्दा गर्दै बिति हाली...हे दैब कति दुख दिएको जमुनालाई...जनतान्त्रिकका केटाहरुलाई पछि समातिएर जेल पनि चलान भए तर मर्ने मरिहाले..फर्किने हैनन् । ती केटाहरुपनि सिरहाको जेल तोडेर भागी हाले..सिडिओ र एसपी को मिलोमतो थियो
मंगलवार, 25 मई 2010
Give the Trade Policy a Chance
This article is written by Purushottam Ojha.
Agriculture has remained the mainstay of Nepali economy as it contributes 33 percent to Gross Domestic Product and provides livelihood to 80 percent of the population. Agricultural trade still occupies an important place in the total exports of Nepal. Pulses, tea, coffee, large cardamom, ginger, Niger seeds and medicinal herbs and extracts are some of the important products being exported to India and to the third countries. However, the export process is becoming difficult over time due to application of non-tariff barriers by the importing countries mainly related to quarantine regulations, stringent quality parameters, pesticides residue monitoring, grading, packaging and others.
Agriculture is at the forefront of the trade and development debate of Doha Round of World Trade Organization (WTO). High tariff wall in market entry and trade distorting subsidies are the major bones of contention between developed and developing countries and the issue still remain unresolved. The developing countries, particularly the least developed ones, are unable to provide subsidies to farmers and their investment in agriculture sector has remained low due to paucity of resources. At the same time, increasing output in agriculture has become a baffling task due to degradation of resources, climate change and urban expansion. Nepal runs an additional risk of losing agriculture production due to the movement of the labor force to outside the country as migrant workers.
Nepal bought out a new Trade Policy in 2009 that replaced the policy of 1992. Agriculture has remained a priority sector of the economy as reflected in the current periodic plan and given its role in poverty alleviation, the trade policy aims at promoting exports of agricultural products and creating a win-win situation for farmers, exporters and importers. The new trade policy aims at supporting the economic development and poverty alleviation initiatives through the enhanced contribution of trade sector to the national economy. The policy and strategies has given focus on development of agriculture and non-timber forest products, mainly comprising of tea, coffee, large cardamom, ginger, lentils, honey, cut flowers, fruits, vegetables, processed leathers, medicinal herbs and handmade papers. The policy has outlined measures for development of these products along the value chain in a bid to optimize benefits from exports.
Transporting agriculture inputs and harvested products is still a nightmare and thus there is a need for increasing investment in road construction. We must pay particular attention to link rural roads with national highways.
The trade policy has outlined general cross-cutting and product-specific measures in order to support and facilitate trade right from production to market in a farm-to-fork approach. The main cross-cutting measures as outlined in the policy includes creating a product development fund to provide support for production, transportation and storage, establishing integrated services centers for providing technical support to the producers, providing bonded warehouse facility to imports of packaging materials, creating export trading houses, and waiver of fees and local taxes on transportation.
One of the key issues related to product development and export relates to protection of intellectual property rights of Nepali products. Agricultural products like tea, coffee and medicinal herbs (eg, taxus baccata) can be protected by registering the Geographical Indication (GI) while bio-diversity mapping and registration of trade marks and patent based on such mapping would be essential to protect indigenous products. This requires enhancing institutional, legal and human resources capacity at the national level to harness benefit from the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement of WTO.
Contract farming and commercialization of agriculture are important steps to achieve economies of scale and enhance productive capacity of the sector. Suitable legislation is a precondition to this, which can be carefully carved out without undermining the interest of small farmers. The trade policy suggests insulating the small farmers from the vulnerability of competition by adopting cooperative farming. Foreign importers may be encouraged to invest in the production process by investing in agriculture production and contract farming. Creating adequate quality infrastructures for test and certification and their accreditation are important steps in addressing the issues of non-tariff barriers and require redoubling efforts from what is put at present.
Lack of transport facilities is impeding the growth of the potential products as many pocket areas in the hills and mountains are still not connected to road network. Transporting agriculture inputs and harvested products is still a nightmare and thus there is a need for increasing investment in road construction. We must pay particular attention to link rural roads with national highways. Additional infrastructures like cold warehouse and creation of cold supply chain are essential to encourage the trade of green and perishable items.
Availability of capital and technology at the farm level is very important to boost production. The policy assures the availability of soft loan and extension services to the farmers as an incentive for production. The agriculture extension services in Nepal have ceased to be effective since late 1990s due to conflict in the country. The revival of extension services should focus on export potential products as a quick win solution. Promotion of organic farming and implementation of organic certification scheme are equally important for utilization of market access opportunities as there is greater demand of organic foods in the international markets. Support to producers on post-harvest management such as sorting, grading, packing and storing are significant in order to minimize post-harvest losses of crops.
Sales of value-added products are of paramount importance to the growers and producers as they entail more income and employment opportunities. Nepal is committed to providing adequate support and incentives in import and installation of processing equipment and machineries. Promotion of Nepali products in the international market has been considered as an effective tool of marketing and the government will take a two-pronged approach—first providing support to the private sector for effective participation in international trade fairs and second, mobilizing Nepali missions abroad in disseminating information on Nepali products and services.
The trade policy has also emphasized on coordinated implementation by the government and private sector agencies for improving the competitive capacity of the export potential products on a sector-wide basis. The focus will be to move to higher value chain of each product right from the production to market and improvement in logistics ensuring that the benefits of exports reach to the farmers at the grassroot level.
The trade policy has clearly indicated the path of reducing poverty and achieving sustainable economic growth by promoting agriculture trade, instilling the idea of inclusive development. The notion of welfare promoting development process can be taken forward with the implementation of the policy. However, it requires a strong coordination mechanism, enhanced institutional capacity and adequate resources and most importantly a strong political commitment.
(Writer is Secretary, Ministry of Commerce and Supplies.)
Agriculture has remained the mainstay of Nepali economy as it contributes 33 percent to Gross Domestic Product and provides livelihood to 80 percent of the population. Agricultural trade still occupies an important place in the total exports of Nepal. Pulses, tea, coffee, large cardamom, ginger, Niger seeds and medicinal herbs and extracts are some of the important products being exported to India and to the third countries. However, the export process is becoming difficult over time due to application of non-tariff barriers by the importing countries mainly related to quarantine regulations, stringent quality parameters, pesticides residue monitoring, grading, packaging and others.
Agriculture is at the forefront of the trade and development debate of Doha Round of World Trade Organization (WTO). High tariff wall in market entry and trade distorting subsidies are the major bones of contention between developed and developing countries and the issue still remain unresolved. The developing countries, particularly the least developed ones, are unable to provide subsidies to farmers and their investment in agriculture sector has remained low due to paucity of resources. At the same time, increasing output in agriculture has become a baffling task due to degradation of resources, climate change and urban expansion. Nepal runs an additional risk of losing agriculture production due to the movement of the labor force to outside the country as migrant workers.
Nepal bought out a new Trade Policy in 2009 that replaced the policy of 1992. Agriculture has remained a priority sector of the economy as reflected in the current periodic plan and given its role in poverty alleviation, the trade policy aims at promoting exports of agricultural products and creating a win-win situation for farmers, exporters and importers. The new trade policy aims at supporting the economic development and poverty alleviation initiatives through the enhanced contribution of trade sector to the national economy. The policy and strategies has given focus on development of agriculture and non-timber forest products, mainly comprising of tea, coffee, large cardamom, ginger, lentils, honey, cut flowers, fruits, vegetables, processed leathers, medicinal herbs and handmade papers. The policy has outlined measures for development of these products along the value chain in a bid to optimize benefits from exports.
Transporting agriculture inputs and harvested products is still a nightmare and thus there is a need for increasing investment in road construction. We must pay particular attention to link rural roads with national highways.
The trade policy has outlined general cross-cutting and product-specific measures in order to support and facilitate trade right from production to market in a farm-to-fork approach. The main cross-cutting measures as outlined in the policy includes creating a product development fund to provide support for production, transportation and storage, establishing integrated services centers for providing technical support to the producers, providing bonded warehouse facility to imports of packaging materials, creating export trading houses, and waiver of fees and local taxes on transportation.
One of the key issues related to product development and export relates to protection of intellectual property rights of Nepali products. Agricultural products like tea, coffee and medicinal herbs (eg, taxus baccata) can be protected by registering the Geographical Indication (GI) while bio-diversity mapping and registration of trade marks and patent based on such mapping would be essential to protect indigenous products. This requires enhancing institutional, legal and human resources capacity at the national level to harness benefit from the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement of WTO.
Contract farming and commercialization of agriculture are important steps to achieve economies of scale and enhance productive capacity of the sector. Suitable legislation is a precondition to this, which can be carefully carved out without undermining the interest of small farmers. The trade policy suggests insulating the small farmers from the vulnerability of competition by adopting cooperative farming. Foreign importers may be encouraged to invest in the production process by investing in agriculture production and contract farming. Creating adequate quality infrastructures for test and certification and their accreditation are important steps in addressing the issues of non-tariff barriers and require redoubling efforts from what is put at present.
Lack of transport facilities is impeding the growth of the potential products as many pocket areas in the hills and mountains are still not connected to road network. Transporting agriculture inputs and harvested products is still a nightmare and thus there is a need for increasing investment in road construction. We must pay particular attention to link rural roads with national highways. Additional infrastructures like cold warehouse and creation of cold supply chain are essential to encourage the trade of green and perishable items.
Availability of capital and technology at the farm level is very important to boost production. The policy assures the availability of soft loan and extension services to the farmers as an incentive for production. The agriculture extension services in Nepal have ceased to be effective since late 1990s due to conflict in the country. The revival of extension services should focus on export potential products as a quick win solution. Promotion of organic farming and implementation of organic certification scheme are equally important for utilization of market access opportunities as there is greater demand of organic foods in the international markets. Support to producers on post-harvest management such as sorting, grading, packing and storing are significant in order to minimize post-harvest losses of crops.
Sales of value-added products are of paramount importance to the growers and producers as they entail more income and employment opportunities. Nepal is committed to providing adequate support and incentives in import and installation of processing equipment and machineries. Promotion of Nepali products in the international market has been considered as an effective tool of marketing and the government will take a two-pronged approach—first providing support to the private sector for effective participation in international trade fairs and second, mobilizing Nepali missions abroad in disseminating information on Nepali products and services.
The trade policy has also emphasized on coordinated implementation by the government and private sector agencies for improving the competitive capacity of the export potential products on a sector-wide basis. The focus will be to move to higher value chain of each product right from the production to market and improvement in logistics ensuring that the benefits of exports reach to the farmers at the grassroot level.
The trade policy has clearly indicated the path of reducing poverty and achieving sustainable economic growth by promoting agriculture trade, instilling the idea of inclusive development. The notion of welfare promoting development process can be taken forward with the implementation of the policy. However, it requires a strong coordination mechanism, enhanced institutional capacity and adequate resources and most importantly a strong political commitment.
(Writer is Secretary, Ministry of Commerce and Supplies.)
शनिवार, 22 मई 2010
किया ने घर पर रोजगारीके यी अवसर प्रयोग करी
किछए दिन पर्ूव मित्र सभ संगक बैसारमे यी बात आएल जे रोजगारीक कोनो अवसर मिथिला नहि उत्पन्न भ रहल अछि जाहिसं यूवासभमे समाज आ अप्पन जिनगी प्रति जिम्मेवारीताके अभाव आवि रहल अछि । यी बात हमरा सोरहो आना साच लागल, पैछला किछ साल सं हम मिथिलाञ्चलक नेपाल भू भागक बहुत भ्रमण कएने छि आ यी बात सभठमक समस्या अछि से बुझवामे कनिको दिक्कत नहि बुझाएल । नेपाल दिसं नवयूवक सभक लेल विदेश जएनाई एहन परम्परा बनि गेल अछि जे कनेक छटिगर होइत देरि ओ लोेकनि पासपोर्ट बनेबामे लागि जाइत छथि आ फेर किछु घुसघास द क अप्पन नागरिकता आ पासपोर्ट उमरि पहुंच सं पहिने बना लैत छथि । एहि सं एक टा बात त बहुत निक जका भ रहल छै जे गामघरमे आव सामान्य सं सामान्य परिवारके सेहो पहिने जका दे छाक भोजन करए ला आब बेसि सोच नहि पडैत छेै । लोक जे विदेश जा क अबैत छथि ओ लोकनि शिक्षाक प्रति बेसि सजग रहैत छथि आ अप्पन बाल बच्चाक शिक्षामे बेसि संजिदा भ क लगानी करैत छथि । आम सञ्चार आ सञ्चारमे लोकक पहुंच बढलैक अछि ।
देशक आर्थिक लाभमे सेहो एकर बहुत बडका योगदान रहल अछि । लोकक जिनगीक स्तर बढि रहल छै एकरा संगे लोक बेसि एडभान्स भ रहल छथि । मुदा एकर दोसर दिसं ततबे बेसि एकर असर सेहो समाजमे देखल जा रहल अछि । लोक कतेक दुःख सं पाइ कमबैत छथि ओतबे आसानीसं घरक लोक पाइ उडा रहल छथि आ किछ दिन बाद जखन जवानी संग देनाइ छोडि दैत छै तखन बचत पर्याप्त नहि रहैत छन्हि आ फेर जिनगी ओहिना चल लगैत छै, जेना विदेश जेवा सं पहिने छलैक । दाम्पत्य जिवन सेहो तेहने रहि जाइत छै, मुश्किल सं ३ सालमे ३ महिनामे लोक घर रहि पबैत छथि । दोसर तरफ जे लोक गामघरमे रहैत छथि ताहिमे किछु खेतिपाति करैत छथि आ बहुत ओहिना गाम घरमे तास खेलक दिन काटि लैत छथि । स्थानिय स्तरमे रोजगारीके कोनो निक इन्तजाम नहि भेलासं किछु खुराफात लोग हतियार बन्द संगठनमे सेहो लागि जाइत छथि । एहि स जे किछु होइ मिथिलाक यूवा सभक एकटा बहुत पैघ हिस्सा अनुत्पादकतामे समय व्यतित क दैत अछि । एहिक लेल एक टा छोट छिन बजेटिङ्ग हमरा सभ बनेने रहि जे किछु ठाम प्रयोग करबा लेल प्रयास भ रहल अछि से पोस्टिङ्ग कएने छि
देशक आर्थिक लाभमे सेहो एकर बहुत बडका योगदान रहल अछि । लोकक जिनगीक स्तर बढि रहल छै एकरा संगे लोक बेसि एडभान्स भ रहल छथि । मुदा एकर दोसर दिसं ततबे बेसि एकर असर सेहो समाजमे देखल जा रहल अछि । लोक कतेक दुःख सं पाइ कमबैत छथि ओतबे आसानीसं घरक लोक पाइ उडा रहल छथि आ किछ दिन बाद जखन जवानी संग देनाइ छोडि दैत छै तखन बचत पर्याप्त नहि रहैत छन्हि आ फेर जिनगी ओहिना चल लगैत छै, जेना विदेश जेवा सं पहिने छलैक । दाम्पत्य जिवन सेहो तेहने रहि जाइत छै, मुश्किल सं ३ सालमे ३ महिनामे लोक घर रहि पबैत छथि । दोसर तरफ जे लोक गामघरमे रहैत छथि ताहिमे किछु खेतिपाति करैत छथि आ बहुत ओहिना गाम घरमे तास खेलक दिन काटि लैत छथि । स्थानिय स्तरमे रोजगारीके कोनो निक इन्तजाम नहि भेलासं किछु खुराफात लोग हतियार बन्द संगठनमे सेहो लागि जाइत छथि । एहि स जे किछु होइ मिथिलाक यूवा सभक एकटा बहुत पैघ हिस्सा अनुत्पादकतामे समय व्यतित क दैत अछि । एहिक लेल एक टा छोट छिन बजेटिङ्ग हमरा सभ बनेने रहि जे किछु ठाम प्रयोग करबा लेल प्रयास भ रहल अछि से पोस्टिङ्ग कएने छि
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1. Dairy Farming:
Cost Budgeting:
House:
One cattle's house with attached store room for food and accessories will be constructed.
- 2500 square feet, concrete foundation with bamboo wall and covered by Alabaster.
- will need lump sum amount of Rs. 2, 50, 000
Feeder:
- Rs. 25,000 for 15 cattle's capacity
Land:
- 10 kattha Land for grass cropping @ rs. 2, 000 per annum = Rs. 20, 000
Food:
Readymade Food:
@ 2 kgs. Per cow, daily need of feed 2× 10 cow = 20 kgs per day
- 6 quintal per month – 72 quintal per year = 72 quintal @ of Rs, 2200 per quintal = Rs. 1, 58, 400
Home made food:
- Hay and grains:
o Hay and grains = Rs. 50, 000
o Mixture = Rs. 40, 000
Green Grass plantation and cutting:
- Rs. 30, 000 per annum which includes cultivation, fertilizers and cutting
Water and Electricity:
- 1.5 Horse power Water Pump = Rs. 4, 000
- 50 unit per months for lighting in cattle house and pumping water = Rs. 8 × 50 units = Rs. 400
- For one year Rs. 400 × 12 = Rs. 4800
- Water Tank of 1000 ltrs. = Rs. 4500
Medicines and Vaccine:
- @ Rs. 1000/Cow = Rs. 10, 000 (includes the cost of vaccines, medicines and doctor cost in average)
Labor:
- People need to manage whole the production. @ Rs. 5,500/ per person
= Rs. 11, 000
Feed Machine:
Rs. 12, 000 of one hay cutter machine
Container and Buckets:
- Rs. 10, 000 for milk container and buckets
Vehicle hire and fuel:
- Rs. 12, 000 for vehicle hire and motorbike fuel
Cattle:
- @ Rs. 50, 000/ cow and transportation cost Rs. 2, 000 per cow
= Rs. 52, 000 × 10 cows = Rs. 5, 20, 000
Tentative budgeting for 10 cows for one year
Particulars Quantity Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.)
Fixed Costs
Cattle 10 Cows 52,000 5, 20, 000
Infrastructure 1 2, 50, 000 2, 50, 000
Feeder 1 25, 000 25, 000
Machine and Pump 1 of each 12000+4000 16, 000
Land 10 Kattha @ 2000/ kattha 20, 000
Total (F) 8, 31, 000
Variable Cost
Food:
Ready made food 72 quintal 2, 200 1, 58, 400
Green Grass immeasurable 30, 000 30, 000
Hays and Grain Mixture immeasurable 1, 15, 000 90, 000
Others:
Water and Electricity 1 tank and Elec. 4800+4500 9, 300
Medicines and Vaccines 10 cows 1000 p.a. 10, 000
Labor 2 4500 9, 000
Container and Buckets 3+5 800+400 3, 600
Vehicle and Fuels 12 1000 12, 000
Total (V) 3, 28 ,400
Grand Total (F+V) 11, 59, 400
10% of Contingencies 1, 15, 940
Gross Total 12, 75, 340
Production Budgeting:
In average one cow gives 10 liters Milk per day and at least 10 months in a year. In this way if we assume 30 days in a month –
- 1 cow for 1 day = 10 liters
- 1 cow for 1 months = 10 × 30 = 300 liters
- 1 cow in one year = 300 liters × 10 months = 3, 000 liters
- 10 cows in one year = 3, 000 × 10 = 30, 000 liters
Production for the year
No. of Cows Per Day production Month (30days) Year (10 months)
1 10 liters 300 liters 3, 000 liters
10 100 liters 3, 000 liters 30, 000 liters
Production in Rs.
Rs. 36 per liter Rs. 3, 600 Rs. 1, 08, 000 Rs. 10, 80, 000
Rs. 40 per liter Rs. 4, 000 Rs. 1, 20, 000 Rs. 12, 00, 000
Total Profit of the year:
(Total revenue collected – (20% of Capital Cost as depreciation + 110% of Variable cost))
= (Rs. 12, 00, 000 – (15% of Rs. 8, 31, 000 + 110% of Rs. 3, 28, 400))
= (Rs. 12, 00, 000 – (Rs. 1, 24, 650 + Rs. 3, 61, 240))
= (Rs. 12, 00, 000 – Rs. 4, 85, 890)
= Rs. 7, 14, 110
Besides of this budgeting we will also get more cattle without paying any extra cost. We will also get organic fertilizer without paying any cost.
2. Poultry Farming:
Estimated cost for 5, 000 Chickens per annum
Land: 2 kattha @ Rs. 2, 000 = Rs. 4, 000
House: 1200 Sq. feet house with one store cum office room will need Rs. 2,00,000
Brooder: 3 brooders will be needed as one brooder covers 200 hundreds of chicks. Will cost @ Rs. 1500 per brooder = Rs. 4, 500
Feeder: 10 feeder needed as its capacity is up to 50 chicks per piece. Will cost @ Rs. 600 = Rs. 6, 000
Water Feeder: 10 will be needed as its capacity is up to 50 chicks. Will cost @ Rs. 400 = Rs. 4, 000
Balancer: Rs. 1,000
Furniture: Rs. 2,000
Miscellaneous: Rs. 2,000 (includes communication)
One day chicks: Rs. 50 per chicks for 5000 chicks = 2, 50, 000
Vaccines: Rs. 5 per chicks for 5, 000 chicks = Rs. 25, 000
Labor: Rs. 5500 per months for 12 months = Rs. 66,000
Food: @ 4 Kgs. Per chicks for 5, 000 chicks = 20, 000 Kgs.
= 200 quintal @ Rs. 2300 per quintal = Rs. 4, 60, 000
Bhoos: Rs. 20, 000 for whole the year
Tentative budget for 5,000 chickens in one year.
Particulars Quantity Rate Amount (Rs.)
Fixed Costs:
Land 2 Kattha 2, 000 4, 000
House 1 2, 00, 000 2, 00, 000
Brooder 3 1, 500 4, 500
Feeder 10 600 6, 000
Water Feeder 10 400 4, 000
Balancer 1 1, 000 1, 000
Furniture 1 set 2, 000 2, 000
Total (F) 2, 21, 500
Variable Costs:
Chicks 5, 000 50 2, 50, 000
Vaccines 5, 000 5 25, 000
Labor 1 for 12 months 5, 500 66, 000
Food 200 quintal 2, 300 4, 60, 000
Bhoos 10 20, 000
Total (V) 8, 21, 000
Grand Total (F+V) 10, 42, 500
Contingencies (10%) 1, 04, 250
Gross Total 11, 46, 750
Production:
Total 10 lots will be produced including 500 chicks per lot. It takes 7-8 weeks to be ready for sale. Every chick will be grown up to 2 kgs in average.
Lot No. of Chickens Total Weight Rate Amount
1 500 1, 000 180 1, 80, 000
10 5000 10, 000 180 18, 00, 000
In this estimation we will collect some of Rs. 18, 00, 000 as Gross amount.
Total Profit of the year:
(Total revenue collected – (20% of Capital Cost as depreciation + 110% of Variable cost))
= (Rs.18, 00, 000 – (20% of Rs. 2, 21, 500 + 110% of Rs. 8, 01, 000))
= (Rs. 18, 00, 000 – (Rs. 44, 300 + Rs. 8, 81, 100))
= (Rs. 18, 00, 000 – Rs. 9, 25, 400)
= Rs. 8, 74, 600
3. Fishery
Land: 16 Kathha land @ Rs. 2, 000 per annum. Will Cost Rs. 32, 000
Pond: Skyvator @ Rs. 3, 000 per hour for 50 Hrs. Will cost Rs. 1, 50, 000
Boring: tentatively estimated Rs. 20, 000 with required pipe.
Pump Set: Rs. 20, 000 will be needed for 2.5 inch pump set with electrical setting
Fencing: Rs. 48, 000 need for fencing the compound with aluminums rope and concrete thumb.
House A store cum office room will be needed for taking care of the pond. Rs. 30, 000 will be needed for that.
Small fish: @ Re.1 per piece for 60, 000 piece = Rs. 60, 000
Pesticides: to purify the water and soil we will need to buy pesticides of Rs. 1, 000
Tractor Cost: Rs. 21, 000 for soil maintaining with Skyvetor
Equipment: Rs. 10, 000 (Includes net, feeder, fishery equipment)
Food: 150 quintal food material @ Rs. 2200 per quintal = Rs. 3, 30, 000
Labor: 2 staff needed @ Rs. 5, 500 per head for 12 months = Rs. 1, 32, 000
Fuel: Rs. 20, 000
Miscellaneous: Rs. 50, 000
Electricity: Rs. 5, 000 per annum
Tentative cost budget for 1 year.
Particulars Quantity Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.)
Fixed Costs:
Land 16 kattha 2, 000 32, 000
Pond digging 50 hrs. 3, 000 1, 50, 000
Boring 1 20, 000 20, 000
Pump Set 1 20, 000 20, 000
Fencing 16 Kathha 3, 000 48, 000
House 1 30, 000 30, 000
Equipments Many 10, 000 10,000
Tractor Cost For 3 days 7, 000 21, 000
Total Fixed Cost (F) 3, 31, 000
Variable Costs:
Labor 2 5, 500 for 12 months 1, 32, 000
Food 150 quintal 2200 per quintal 3, 30, 000
Fuel As per need(est.) 20, 000 20, 000
Small Fish 60, 000 piece 1 60, 000
Pesticides As per need 1, 000 1, 000
Miscellaneous Petty cash 50, 000 50, 000
Electricity As per need 5, 000/ p.a. 5, 000
Total Variable Costs (V): 5, 98, 000
Grand Total (F+C) 9, 29, 000
10% Contingencies 92, 900
Gross Total Costs: 1021900
In average 20 quintal fish will be produced in one kattha. This estimate is for 12 kattha land which means the total production will be about 240 quintal in eight months of starting. The retail price of Catfish is above Rs. 150 per kg. Here we assume to sale in wholesale rate of Rs. 100.
The total selling price of Fish will be = Rs. 100 × (240 ×100)) = Rs. 24, 00, 000
Total Profit of the year:
(Total revenue collected – (20% of Capital Cost as depreciation + 110% of Variable cost))
= (Rs. 24, 00, 000 – (20% of Rs. 3, 31, 000 + 6, 57, 800))
= (Rs. 24, 00, 000 – Rs. 7, 24, 000)
= Rs. 16, 76, 000
1. Dairy Farming:
Cost Budgeting:
House:
One cattle's house with attached store room for food and accessories will be constructed.
- 2500 square feet, concrete foundation with bamboo wall and covered by Alabaster.
- will need lump sum amount of Rs. 2, 50, 000
Feeder:
- Rs. 25,000 for 15 cattle's capacity
Land:
- 10 kattha Land for grass cropping @ rs. 2, 000 per annum = Rs. 20, 000
Food:
Readymade Food:
@ 2 kgs. Per cow, daily need of feed 2× 10 cow = 20 kgs per day
- 6 quintal per month – 72 quintal per year = 72 quintal @ of Rs, 2200 per quintal = Rs. 1, 58, 400
Home made food:
- Hay and grains:
o Hay and grains = Rs. 50, 000
o Mixture = Rs. 40, 000
Green Grass plantation and cutting:
- Rs. 30, 000 per annum which includes cultivation, fertilizers and cutting
Water and Electricity:
- 1.5 Horse power Water Pump = Rs. 4, 000
- 50 unit per months for lighting in cattle house and pumping water = Rs. 8 × 50 units = Rs. 400
- For one year Rs. 400 × 12 = Rs. 4800
- Water Tank of 1000 ltrs. = Rs. 4500
Medicines and Vaccine:
- @ Rs. 1000/Cow = Rs. 10, 000 (includes the cost of vaccines, medicines and doctor cost in average)
Labor:
- People need to manage whole the production. @ Rs. 5,500/ per person
= Rs. 11, 000
Feed Machine:
Rs. 12, 000 of one hay cutter machine
Container and Buckets:
- Rs. 10, 000 for milk container and buckets
Vehicle hire and fuel:
- Rs. 12, 000 for vehicle hire and motorbike fuel
Cattle:
- @ Rs. 50, 000/ cow and transportation cost Rs. 2, 000 per cow
= Rs. 52, 000 × 10 cows = Rs. 5, 20, 000
Tentative budgeting for 10 cows for one year
Particulars Quantity Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.)
Fixed Costs
Cattle 10 Cows 52,000 5, 20, 000
Infrastructure 1 2, 50, 000 2, 50, 000
Feeder 1 25, 000 25, 000
Machine and Pump 1 of each 12000+4000 16, 000
Land 10 Kattha @ 2000/ kattha 20, 000
Total (F) 8, 31, 000
Variable Cost
Food:
Ready made food 72 quintal 2, 200 1, 58, 400
Green Grass immeasurable 30, 000 30, 000
Hays and Grain Mixture immeasurable 1, 15, 000 90, 000
Others:
Water and Electricity 1 tank and Elec. 4800+4500 9, 300
Medicines and Vaccines 10 cows 1000 p.a. 10, 000
Labor 2 4500 9, 000
Container and Buckets 3+5 800+400 3, 600
Vehicle and Fuels 12 1000 12, 000
Total (V) 3, 28 ,400
Grand Total (F+V) 11, 59, 400
10% of Contingencies 1, 15, 940
Gross Total 12, 75, 340
Production Budgeting:
In average one cow gives 10 liters Milk per day and at least 10 months in a year. In this way if we assume 30 days in a month –
- 1 cow for 1 day = 10 liters
- 1 cow for 1 months = 10 × 30 = 300 liters
- 1 cow in one year = 300 liters × 10 months = 3, 000 liters
- 10 cows in one year = 3, 000 × 10 = 30, 000 liters
Production for the year
No. of Cows Per Day production Month (30days) Year (10 months)
1 10 liters 300 liters 3, 000 liters
10 100 liters 3, 000 liters 30, 000 liters
Production in Rs.
Rs. 36 per liter Rs. 3, 600 Rs. 1, 08, 000 Rs. 10, 80, 000
Rs. 40 per liter Rs. 4, 000 Rs. 1, 20, 000 Rs. 12, 00, 000
Total Profit of the year:
(Total revenue collected – (20% of Capital Cost as depreciation + 110% of Variable cost))
= (Rs. 12, 00, 000 – (15% of Rs. 8, 31, 000 + 110% of Rs. 3, 28, 400))
= (Rs. 12, 00, 000 – (Rs. 1, 24, 650 + Rs. 3, 61, 240))
= (Rs. 12, 00, 000 – Rs. 4, 85, 890)
= Rs. 7, 14, 110
Besides of this budgeting we will also get more cattle without paying any extra cost. We will also get organic fertilizer without paying any cost.
2. Poultry Farming:
Estimated cost for 5, 000 Chickens per annum
Land: 2 kattha @ Rs. 2, 000 = Rs. 4, 000
House: 1200 Sq. feet house with one store cum office room will need Rs. 2,00,000
Brooder: 3 brooders will be needed as one brooder covers 200 hundreds of chicks. Will cost @ Rs. 1500 per brooder = Rs. 4, 500
Feeder: 10 feeder needed as its capacity is up to 50 chicks per piece. Will cost @ Rs. 600 = Rs. 6, 000
Water Feeder: 10 will be needed as its capacity is up to 50 chicks. Will cost @ Rs. 400 = Rs. 4, 000
Balancer: Rs. 1,000
Furniture: Rs. 2,000
Miscellaneous: Rs. 2,000 (includes communication)
One day chicks: Rs. 50 per chicks for 5000 chicks = 2, 50, 000
Vaccines: Rs. 5 per chicks for 5, 000 chicks = Rs. 25, 000
Labor: Rs. 5500 per months for 12 months = Rs. 66,000
Food: @ 4 Kgs. Per chicks for 5, 000 chicks = 20, 000 Kgs.
= 200 quintal @ Rs. 2300 per quintal = Rs. 4, 60, 000
Bhoos: Rs. 20, 000 for whole the year
Tentative budget for 5,000 chickens in one year.
Particulars Quantity Rate Amount (Rs.)
Fixed Costs:
Land 2 Kattha 2, 000 4, 000
House 1 2, 00, 000 2, 00, 000
Brooder 3 1, 500 4, 500
Feeder 10 600 6, 000
Water Feeder 10 400 4, 000
Balancer 1 1, 000 1, 000
Furniture 1 set 2, 000 2, 000
Total (F) 2, 21, 500
Variable Costs:
Chicks 5, 000 50 2, 50, 000
Vaccines 5, 000 5 25, 000
Labor 1 for 12 months 5, 500 66, 000
Food 200 quintal 2, 300 4, 60, 000
Bhoos 10 20, 000
Total (V) 8, 21, 000
Grand Total (F+V) 10, 42, 500
Contingencies (10%) 1, 04, 250
Gross Total 11, 46, 750
Production:
Total 10 lots will be produced including 500 chicks per lot. It takes 7-8 weeks to be ready for sale. Every chick will be grown up to 2 kgs in average.
Lot No. of Chickens Total Weight Rate Amount
1 500 1, 000 180 1, 80, 000
10 5000 10, 000 180 18, 00, 000
In this estimation we will collect some of Rs. 18, 00, 000 as Gross amount.
Total Profit of the year:
(Total revenue collected – (20% of Capital Cost as depreciation + 110% of Variable cost))
= (Rs.18, 00, 000 – (20% of Rs. 2, 21, 500 + 110% of Rs. 8, 01, 000))
= (Rs. 18, 00, 000 – (Rs. 44, 300 + Rs. 8, 81, 100))
= (Rs. 18, 00, 000 – Rs. 9, 25, 400)
= Rs. 8, 74, 600
3. Fishery
Land: 16 Kathha land @ Rs. 2, 000 per annum. Will Cost Rs. 32, 000
Pond: Skyvator @ Rs. 3, 000 per hour for 50 Hrs. Will cost Rs. 1, 50, 000
Boring: tentatively estimated Rs. 20, 000 with required pipe.
Pump Set: Rs. 20, 000 will be needed for 2.5 inch pump set with electrical setting
Fencing: Rs. 48, 000 need for fencing the compound with aluminums rope and concrete thumb.
House A store cum office room will be needed for taking care of the pond. Rs. 30, 000 will be needed for that.
Small fish: @ Re.1 per piece for 60, 000 piece = Rs. 60, 000
Pesticides: to purify the water and soil we will need to buy pesticides of Rs. 1, 000
Tractor Cost: Rs. 21, 000 for soil maintaining with Skyvetor
Equipment: Rs. 10, 000 (Includes net, feeder, fishery equipment)
Food: 150 quintal food material @ Rs. 2200 per quintal = Rs. 3, 30, 000
Labor: 2 staff needed @ Rs. 5, 500 per head for 12 months = Rs. 1, 32, 000
Fuel: Rs. 20, 000
Miscellaneous: Rs. 50, 000
Electricity: Rs. 5, 000 per annum
Tentative cost budget for 1 year.
Particulars Quantity Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.)
Fixed Costs:
Land 16 kattha 2, 000 32, 000
Pond digging 50 hrs. 3, 000 1, 50, 000
Boring 1 20, 000 20, 000
Pump Set 1 20, 000 20, 000
Fencing 16 Kathha 3, 000 48, 000
House 1 30, 000 30, 000
Equipments Many 10, 000 10,000
Tractor Cost For 3 days 7, 000 21, 000
Total Fixed Cost (F) 3, 31, 000
Variable Costs:
Labor 2 5, 500 for 12 months 1, 32, 000
Food 150 quintal 2200 per quintal 3, 30, 000
Fuel As per need(est.) 20, 000 20, 000
Small Fish 60, 000 piece 1 60, 000
Pesticides As per need 1, 000 1, 000
Miscellaneous Petty cash 50, 000 50, 000
Electricity As per need 5, 000/ p.a. 5, 000
Total Variable Costs (V): 5, 98, 000
Grand Total (F+C) 9, 29, 000
10% Contingencies 92, 900
Gross Total Costs: 1021900
In average 20 quintal fish will be produced in one kattha. This estimate is for 12 kattha land which means the total production will be about 240 quintal in eight months of starting. The retail price of Catfish is above Rs. 150 per kg. Here we assume to sale in wholesale rate of Rs. 100.
The total selling price of Fish will be = Rs. 100 × (240 ×100)) = Rs. 24, 00, 000
Total Profit of the year:
(Total revenue collected – (20% of Capital Cost as depreciation + 110% of Variable cost))
= (Rs. 24, 00, 000 – (20% of Rs. 3, 31, 000 + 6, 57, 800))
= (Rs. 24, 00, 000 – Rs. 7, 24, 000)
= Rs. 16, 76, 000
गुरुवार, 20 मई 2010
कतय सं सुरु करु ?
बहुत दिन सं मनमे किछु बात सभ अबैत रहैय, कखनो बहुत खुशी त कखनो बुझाइए जे सबकिछु छोडिक कतौ पडाए जएतहुं । मुदा जिनगी बड ओझरायल होइत छै । चाहैत चाहैत किछ काज नहि क सकैत छि आ किछ काज ओहुना भ जाइत छै । आजुकाल्हि गाम सं बहुत दुर देशक राजधानीमे रहैत छी तें स्वभाविक छै जे अप्पन गामघर बड मोन पडैय....कखनो सोचैत छि कि हमर जिनगी अहिना वित जायत, जिनगीभरि नोकरी करैत रहब आ एहिना अप्पन समय बेचैत रहब तखन हमर जिनगीक कोन स्वकाज रु हमरा नहि भेने दुनियांके कोन काज थम्हि जेतै रु कोन काज नहि हेतै रु अप्पन मन एहिना मारैत रहब तखन एकदिन हमहुं चार्ल्स डिकेन्सके नोभल स्टोरी अफ नो वन्स भ क रहि जाएव...कि करु किछु समझमे नहि आवि रहल अछि तंए इ व्लग सुरु कएलहंु अछि..शुद्ध तिरहुतिया भाषामे...जे हमर कण कणमे सन्हियायल अछि । बहुत दिन सं सेहन्ता छल जे कहियो हमहुं किछ लिखतहुं आब शायद ओ पुरा हएत....किछ फोटो तिरहुतिया या सम्पर्ूण्ा मधेसक संग रखबे करब....जय मिथिला...जय मैथिल
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